The term Haplotype and Haplogroup are similar and not used in genetic genealogy and population genetics exactly as they have been more strictly defined in genetics, in general. So any definition here is subject to criticism depending on the group you follow.
In genetic genealogy, the haplotype is the determined STR values of an individuals' yDNA chromosome. Specifically, the testing of the non-recombining portions of the Y chromosome. And testing for stable STR values that generally occur in the non-coding region of the DNA. So, for genetic genealogy purposes, associate haplotype with a yDNA STR testing result.
The number of STR markers tested and the value result of each marker determines the haplotype. There are over 500 known STR markers on the Y chromosome. The comparison of haplotypes is often expressed as a genetic distance.
Genetic genealogists have been able to time-order STR value changes within family branches by utilizing the genealogy of the testers. Sometimes this order is expressed in a tree-like diagram. A mis-appropriated term used to describe these tree diagrams is a cladogram.
As deeper STR and SNP testing evolves, the phylogenetic trees in the genealogical time frame, STR cladograms, and old fashioned genealogical pedigrees are merging into single trees of ancestry from a common person.
Haplotype, in genetics, is a group of genes (i.e. coding-region segments of DNA) that are inherited together and exist in a number of individuals. Most usually restricted to a single chromosome and usually in proximity to each other. They do not distinguish the type of marker (((SNP) vs STR or other). Often haplotypes, in general biology, are grouped together to define a haplogroup.
In genetic genealogy, the haplotype is the determined STR values of an individuals' yDNA chromosome. Specifically, the testing of the non-recombining portions of the Y chromosome. And testing for stable STR values that generally occur in the non-coding region of the DNA. So, for genetic genealogy purposes, associate haplotype with a yDNA STR testing result.
The number of STR markers tested and the value result of each marker determines the haplotype. There are over 500 known STR markers on the Y chromosome. The comparison of haplotypes is often expressed as a genetic distance.
Genetic genealogists have been able to time-order STR value changes within family branches by utilizing the genealogy of the testers. Sometimes this order is expressed in a tree-like diagram. A mis-appropriated term used to describe these tree diagrams is a cladogram.
As deeper STR and SNP testing evolves, the phylogenetic trees in the genealogical time frame, STR cladograms, and old fashioned genealogical pedigrees are merging into single trees of ancestry from a common person.
Haplotype, in genetics, is a group of genes (i.e. coding-region segments of DNA) that are inherited together and exist in a number of individuals. Most usually restricted to a single chromosome and usually in proximity to each other. They do not distinguish the type of marker (((SNP) vs STR or other). Often haplotypes, in general biology, are grouped together to define a haplogroup.
External Reference
- Phillips Project definition
- Nature education definition
- USA NIH definition
- Wikipedia definition
- Merriam-Webster dictionary definition